Delhi’s Air Quality Crisis Persists as Winter Fog Wrazens Pollution Levels

Delhi’s air quality remained dangerously poor on December 20. The overall Air Quality Index (AQI) registered at 376, firmly in the ‘very poor’ category. This continues a grim trend for the national capital’s pollution levels.

Authorities warn dense fog will worsen the situation over the weekend. Despite active pollution-control measures, residents face severe health risks. The persistent haze disrupts daily life and transport.

Current AQI Readings and Immediate Causes

Specific areas reported even higher pollution. According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) data, Sarai Kale Khan recorded an AQI of 428. Akshardham followed closely at 420.

Officials speaking to PTI confirmed the fog advisory. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued an orange alert. Cold, stagnant winter conditions are trapping pollutants near the ground.

This meteorological phenomenon is called temperature inversion. It prevents the vertical dispersion of harmful particles. The result is a thick, toxic smog blanketing the city.

Why Winter Brings the Worst Air Pollution

Experts explain the seasonal spike. Winter brings calm winds and increased moisture. These conditions combine with high emissions from vehicles and industry.

A recent study analyzed Delhi’s prolonged fog in January 2024. It found foggy conditions persisted 46% of the time during the peak period. High humidity and a shallow atmospheric boundary layer were key factors.

The presence of high particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) directly facilitates fog formation. This creates a vicious cycle of pollution and reduced visibility. The public health impact is significant and widespread.

Delhi’s air pollution emergency requires sustained, year-round action to protect millions of citizens from its severe consequences.

Thought you’d like to know

When will Delhi’s AQI improve?

Experts from the Centre for Science and Environment indicate improvement typically begins by February or March. The monsoon season, from July onward, usually provides the cleanest air as rain washes away pollutants.

What causes ‘very poor’ and ‘severe’ AQI categories?

The CPCB classifies an AQI between 301-400 as ‘very poor’ and 401-500 as ‘severe’. These levels pose serious health risks even to healthy individuals and warrant drastic action to reduce exposure.

How does fog make air pollution worse?

Fog consists of water droplets that trap and hold particulate matter. This combination reduces visibility and increases the concentration of pollutants people breathe, intensifying the health hazard.

What are the main health risks?

Prolonged exposure can cause respiratory illnesses, aggravated asthma, and cardiovascular problems. It is particularly dangerous for children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions.

What are GRAP measures?

The Graded Response Action Plan is a set of emergency measures enacted by authorities. These include traffic restrictions, construction halts, and industrial controls when pollution reaches certain thresholds.