UK Announces Major Jury Trials Reform to Tackle Record Court Backlogs

The UK government is implementing a historic reform of the criminal justice system. Justice Secretary David Lammy confirmed the changes in late 2025. The move aims to tackle a record-breaking backlog of over 78,000 Crown Court cases.The central change is a significant reduction in the use of jury trials. Jury trials will now be reserved primarily for the most serious offences. This includes charges like murder, rape, and manslaughter.

How “Swift Courts” Will Handle Most Criminal Cases

The new system will introduce judge-only “swift courts.” These courts will hear cases where the maximum sentence is under three years. This covers a vast majority of criminal cases currently tried by juries.According to official data, the Crown Court backlog grew by 10% in a year. The government argues the current system cannot cope. These reforms could reduce average trial times by up to 20%.This is a major shift for British justice. The right to a jury trial is centuries old. It has been a cornerstone of the legal system since the Magna Carta.

Strong Opposition from Legal Professionals and Advocates

The plan has sparked immediate and fierce backlash. Legal organizations warn it undermines a fundamental public right. The Law Society of England and Wales called the move “an extreme measure.”Barristers and solicitors argue it risks fairness and public trust. A survey by the Criminal Bar Association found 88.5% of members oppose the “swift courts.” Many fear it will disproportionately impact marginalized communities.According to Reuters, critics say the government is sacrificing a key democratic principle. They believe thebacklog should be solved with proper funding, not by removing juries.

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The UK’s jury trials reform is a direct response to a system in crisis, but it trades a centuries-old safeguard for administrative speed. The coming years will test whether this gamble restores timely justice or permanently weakens public trust in the courts.

A quick knowledge drop for you

Q1: What crimes will still get a jury trial?

Jury trials will be kept for the most serious offences. This includes murder, rape, manslaughter, and some complex fraud cases. Other cases may go before a jury if a judge rules it is in the public interest.

Q2: Why is the government making this change now?

The court backlog has reached a critical level, with over 78,000 cases waiting. Officials warn the system could collapse without drastic action. They believe judge-led trials are faster and more efficient for less serious crimes.

Q3: Have other countries removed jury trials?

Yes, several countries have limited or abolished juries. India did so after a controversial case in 1959. Singapore and Malaysia also use judge-only trials for most cases, citing efficiency and complexity.

Q4: How does the public feel about this reform?

There is significant concern from legal experts and civil society groups. They argue the public’s role in justice is vital for legitimacy. Many fear it reduces community oversight of the legal system.