US Optional Practical Training Program Faces Potential Overhaul in New Bill

A key US work program for foreign students is under threat. The Optional Practical Training program could be revoked or significantly changed. This move aims to push American companies to hire more US workers.

According to Reuters, lawmakers have introduced the ‘Fairness for High-Skilled Americans Act of 2025.’ The bill specifically targets the OPT program. It argues the program hurts American professionals by creating cheaper labor alternatives.

What is the Optional Practical Training Program?

Optional Practical Training provides temporary US employment for international students. The work must be directly related to the student’s main field of study. It is a critical bridge for F-1 visa holders transitioning into the workforce.

Students can participate in OPT for up to 12 months. Those with degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) can receive a 24-month extension. This allows for valuable hands-on experience with American companies.

The program has two main types. Pre-completion OPT allows students to work while still enrolled. Post-completion OPT begins after a student finishes their academic program.

Growing Scrutiny on Foreign Student Employment Pathways

The proposed legislative changes reflect a broader reassessment of US immigration policy. Supporters of the bill claim it protects American jobs and wages. They argue companies use the program to access lower-cost foreign labor.

Opponents warn that ending OPT would damage US competitiveness. They say it would drive international talent to other countries. The program is a major factor for students choosing to study in the United States.

Data from the Open Doors Report shows a significant trend. While overall international student numbers dipped slightly, participation in OPT surged by 21 percent. This highlights the program’s growing importance.

Indian Nationals Could Be Disproportionately Affected

Indian students represent a large portion of those using the OPT program. Any changes would directly impact their career trajectories. The common path from F-1 visa to OPT to H-1B visa is already under pressure.

Recent immigration announcements have created more uncertainty. A new high fee for employers hiring foreign workers from abroad was introduced. However, an exception was made for students already in the US on F-1 visas.

This exception now feels less secure. The proposed OPT changes could close a vital door for Indian graduates. It would disrupt the primary route for them to join the US professional workforce.

The future of the Optional Practical Training program remains uncertain. Its potential revocation marks a significant shift in US policy for international students. The outcome will profoundly impact both American universities and the global talent pool.

Thought you’d like to know

What is the main goal of the proposed bill?

The bill aims to revoke the Optional Practical Training program. Its supporters argue this will protect American workers from foreign labor competition. They believe it will encourage companies to hire and train US citizens.

How long can a student typically participate in OPT?

Most students can participate for 12 months after graduation. Those with STEM degrees are eligible for a further 24-month extension. This provides up to three years of total work authorization.

Why is the OPT program important for the US?

Advocates say it helps the US retain top international talent. It strengthens the American workforce in critical STEM fields. The program also makes US universities more attractive to students globally.

Who would be most affected by these changes?

Indian and Chinese students would be heavily impacted. They form the largest groups using the OPT program. Their traditional path to US employment would be severely disrupted.

Has there been similar opposition to OPT before?

Yes, the program has faced scrutiny in previous years. Some lawmakers have long argued it undermines US worker wages. The current legislative push, however, appears more concerted.